C# Tutorial and source code

C# (pronounced "C sharp") is a general-purpose, modern programming language developed by Microsoft. It was introduced in the early 2000s as part of Microsoft's .NET framework and has since become one of the most widely used programming languages for developing a variety of applications, including web, desktop, mobile, and gaming.

Object-Oriented Language

C# is an object-oriented language, meaning it supports the principles of encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism. It is strongly typed, which ensures type safety and helps catch errors at compile-time rather than runtime. C# is also a statically typed language, which means that variable types must be explicitly declared before use.

Integration with the .NET framework

One of the key features of C# is its integration with the .NET framework, which provides a rich set of libraries and tools for building applications. The .NET framework offers a wide range of functionality, including file I/O, networking, database access, user interface design, and more. This allows developers to leverage pre-built components and reduce development time.

Common Language Infrastructure (CLI)

C# follows the Common Language Infrastructure (CLI) standard, which means that C# code can be compiled into an intermediate language (IL) called Common Intermediate Language (CIL) or bytecode. This bytecode can then be executed on any platform that supports the .NET runtime environment, such as Windows, macOS, and Linux.

Modern Programming Concepts

C# supports modern programming concepts such as generics, LINQ (Language-Integrated Query), asynchronous programming, and lambda expressions. These features enhance code readability, reusability, and maintainability. C# also provides support for exception handling, allowing developers to gracefully handle runtime errors and improve the robustness of their applications.

Integrated Development Environments (IDEs)

C# has a rich development ecosystem with powerful integrated development environments (IDEs) like Visual Studio, which offers a comprehensive set of tools for code editing, debugging, testing, and deployment. Additionally, C# benefits from a large and active community of developers, providing ample resources, tutorials, and community support.

.Net Framework

The provided C# lessons offer an introductory understanding of the language and highlight significant language features. Each lesson includes one or more sample programs, aiming to facilitate your acquisition of the skills and knowledge required for developing Windows applications using Visual C#. The content is presented in a simplified manner to ensure clarity and ease of comprehension, avoiding unnecessary complexity. We hope this website proves valuable in your journey towards mastering C# and building robust Windows applications.


  An overview of Microsoft C#
  1. An overview of Microsoft .Net Framework
  2. An introduction to C#
  3. C# Version History
  1. C# and VB.NET
  2. C# and JAVA
  3. C# sample programs
  4. C# console based application
  5. C# windows based application
  6. C# command line tools
  7. C# command line arguments
  8. Difference between .Net Framework and .Net Core
  9. C# Repository Design Pattern

  C# Language Tutorial
  1. C# Types
  2. C# boxing and unboxing
  3. C# DataTypes
  1. C# type conversions
  2. C# Access Modifiers , CSharp Access Specifiers
  3. How to CultureInfo in C#
  4. How do I solve System.InvalidCastException?
  5. Difference between readonly and const keyword
  6. DateTime Format In C#
  7. Difference Between Task and Thread
  8. Object reference not set to an instance of an object
  9. How to Convert Char to String in C#
  10. How to Convert Char Array to String in C#
  11. How to convert int to string in C#?

  C# Statements Tutorial
  1. How to use C# if else statements
  2. How to use C# for loop
  3. How to use C# foreach loop
  1. How to use C# while loop
  2. How to use C# do while loop
  3. How to use C# switch case statements
  4. C# Exception handling
  5. How to find date difference in C#
  6. How to use Enum in C#

  C# Graphical User Interface Tutorial
  1. C# Visual Studio IDE
  2. How to Create a C# Windows Forms Application
  3. C# Label Control
  1. C# Button Control
  2. C# TextBox Control
  3. C# ComboBox
  4. C# ListBox Control
  5. C# Checked ListBox Control
  6. C# RadioButton Control
  7. C# CheckBox Control
  8. C# PictureBox Control
  9. C# ProgressBar Control
  10. C# ScrollBars Control
  11. C# DateTimePicker Control
  12. C# Treeview Control
  13. C# ListView Control
  14. C# Menu Control
  15. C# MDI Form
  16. C# Color Dialog Box
  17. C# Font Dialog Box
  18. C# OpenFile Dialog Box
  19. C# Print Dialog Box
  20. keyPress event in C# , KeyDown event in C# , KeyUp event in C#
  21. How to create Dynamic Controls in C# ?
  22. Keep Form on Top of All Other Windows
  23. C# Timer Control

  C# Collection Tutorial
  1. How to use C# ArrayList Class
  2. How to use C# HashTable Class
  3. How to use C# Stack Class
  1. How to use C# Queue Class
  2. How to use C# NameValueCollection Class
  3. C# Array Examples
  4. How to for each loop in C# Array
  5. C# List Class
  6. C# Dictionary Example
  7. Tuples In C#

  C# String Tutorial
  1. How to use C# string Clone
  2. How to use C# string Compare
  3. How to use C# string Concat
  1. How to use C# string Contains
  2. How to use C# string Copy
  3. How to use C# string CopyTo
  4. How to use C# string EndsWith
  5. How to use C# string Equals
  6. How to use C# string Format
  7. How to use C# string IndexOf
  8. How to use C# string Insert
  9. How to use C# string Length
  10. How to use C# string Split
  11. Substring in C#
  12. How to validate a string using TryParse in C#
  13. How to C# String Null
  14. Generate random strings, alphanumeric strings and numbers

  C# File Operations Tutorial
  1. How to write a text file in c#
  2. Append text to an existing file in C#
  3. How to use C# Directory Class
  1. How to use C# File Class
  2. How to use C# FileStream Class
  3. How to use C# Textreader Class
  4. A simple C# Text Reader source code
  5. How to use C# TextWriter Class
  6. How to use C# BinaryWriter Class
  7. How to use C# BinaryReader Class
  8. How to convert XPS file to Bitmap
  9. How to C# Path Class
  10. How to create a pdf file in C#
  11. How to create PDF file from Text file
  12. Write Database data to pdf file

  C# Excel Tutorial
  1. How to create Excel file in C#
  2. How to open an Excel file in C#
  3. How to read an Excel file using C#
  1. How to programmatically Add New Worksheets
  2. How to delete worksheet from an excel file
  3. How to format an Excel file using C#
  4. How to insert a picture in excel from C# App
  5. How to insert a background picture in excel
  6. How to create Excel Chart from C#
  7. How to export excel chart from C#
  8. How to excel chart in C# picturebox
  9. C# data validation input box in excel file
  10. Read and Import Excel File into DataSet or DataTable
  11. How to insert data to Excel file using OLEDB
  12. How to update data in Excel file using OLEDB
  13. How to export databse to excel file
  14. How to export DataGridView to excel file

  C# Crystal Reports Tutorial
  1. C# Crystal Reports sample databse
  2. C# Crystal Reports step by step
  3. C# Crystal Reports from multiple tables
  1. C# Crystal Reports String parameter
  2. C# Crystal Reports Integer parameter
  3. C# Crystal Reports Date parameter
  4. C# Crystal Reports Dynamic Logon parameters
  5. C# Crystal Reports Formula Field
  6. C# Crystal Reports Summary Field
  7. C# Crystal Reports Export to Pdf
  8. C# Crystal Reports Export to Excel
  9. Email Crystal Reports from C# Application
  10. C# Crystal Reports without database
  11. C# Crystal Reports from SQL Query
  12. Dynamic Crystal Reports from C# Application
  13. C# Crystal Reports from XML
  14. C# Crystal Reports - sub reports
  15. C# Crystal Reports - on demand sub reports
  16. C# Crystal Reports - Date to Date
  17. How to print Crystal Reports in C#
  18. How to deploy Crystal Report
  19. How to Crystal Report Merge Module

  CSharp Communication Tutorial
  1. How to send email from C#
  2. How to send email with attachment from C#
  3. How to send html email from C#
  1. How to send cdo email from C#
  2. How to find hostname of a computer
  3. How to find IP Adress of a computer
  4. How to read URL Content from webserver
  5. How to C# Socket programming
  6. C# Server Socket program
  7. C# Client Socket program
  8. C# Multi threaded socket programming
  9. C# Multi threaded Server Socket programming
  10. C# Multi threaded Client Socket programming
  11. How to C# Chat server programming
  12. How to C# Chat Server
  13. How to C# Chat Client
  14. How to web browser in C#
  15. No connection could be made because the target machine actively refused it
  16. System.Net.Sockets.SocketException (0x80004005)
  17. C# HttpClient - HTTP requests with HttpClient in C#
  18. C# HttpClient status code

  Threading in C#
  1. What is a Thread
  2. Uses and Misuses of Threading
  3. C# Threading Example
  1. Thread Start() method in C#
  2. C# thread join method
  3. C# Thread.Sleep Method
  4. How to kill a thread in C#
  5. C# Multithreading

  C# Ado.Net Tutorial
  1. C# ADO.NET Architecture
  2. Advantages of ADO.Net over ADO
  3. Connected and Disconnected Data Access Architecture in Ado.Net
  1. C# ADO.NET Connection String
  2. C# ADO.NET Data Providers

  C# ADO.NET data Providers Tutorial
  1. C# ADO.NET Connection
  2. C# SQL Server Connection
  3. C# OLEDB Connection
  1. C# ODBC Connection
  2. C# ADO.NET Command
  3. C# ADO.NET SqlCommand - ExecuteNonQuery
  4. C# ADO.NET OleDbCommand - ExecuteNonQuery
  5. C# ADO.NET SqlCommand - ExecuteScalar
  6. C# ADO.NET OleDbCommand - ExecuteScalar
  7. C# ADO.NET SqlCommand - ExecuteReader
  8. C# ADO.NET OleDbCommand - ExecuteReader
  9. C# ADO.NET DataReader
  10. C# ADO.NET SqlDataReader
  11. C# ADO.NET OleDbDataReader
  12. C# Multiple Result Sets
  13. C# Table Schema from SqlDataReader
  14. C# Table Schema from OleDbDataReader
  15. C# ADO.NET DataAdapter
  16. C# ADO.NET SqlDataAdapter
  17. C# ADO.NET OleDbDataAdapter
  18. C# ExecuteReader and ExecuteNonQuery
  19. System.Data.SqlClient.SqlException: Login failed for user

  C# Dataset Tutorial
  1. What is C# ADO.NET Dataset
  2. C# Datset with Sql Server Data Provider
  3. C# Datset with OLEDB Data Provider
  1. Find Tables in a Dataset - Sql Server
  2. Find Tables in a Dataset - OLEDB
  3. How to Dataset rows count - Sql Server
  4. How to Dataset rows count - OLEDB
  5. How to find Column Definition SqlServer
  6. How to find Column Definition OLEDB
  7. How to Dyanamic Dataset in C#
  8. C# Dataset with multiple tables - Sql Server
  9. C# Dataset with multiple tables - OLEDB
  10. C# Dataset table relations
  11. C# Dataset merge tables - Sql Server
  12. C# Dataset merge tables - OLEDB
  13. Bind a dataset to a combo box in C#, bind enum to combobox , bind dictionary to combobox
  14. How to find tables in a Database in C#

  C# DataAdapater Tutorial
  1. How to DataAdapter in Sql Server
  2. How to DataAdapter in OLEDB
  3. How to DataAdapter Select Command - Sql Server
  1. How to DataAdapter Select Command - OLEDB
  2. How to DataAdapter Insert Command - Sql Server
  3. How to DataAdapter Insert Command - OLEDB
  4. How to DataAdapter Update Command - Sql Server
  5. How to DataAdapter Update Command - OLEDB
  6. How to DataAdapter Delete Command - SQL SERVER
  7. How to DataAdapter Delete Command - OLEDB
  8. How to DataAdapter CommandBuilder in Sql Server
  9. How to DataAdapter CommandBuilder in OLEDB
  10. How to DataAdapter DataGridView - Sql Server
  11. How to DataAdapter DataGridView - OLEDB

  C# DataView Tutorial
  1. How to create a DataView | C#
  2. How to Sort a DataView | C#
  3. How to Filter a DataView | C#
  1. How to Search in a DataView | C#
  2. How to add new row in a DataView | C#
  3. How to update row in a DataView | C#
  4. How to delete row in a DataView | C#
  5. How to create a new DataTable from the DataView

  C# Remoting Tutorial
  1. C# Remoting Architecture
  2. C# Remoting application
  3. C# Remotable Object
  1. C# Remote Listener Object
  2. C# Remote Client Object
  3. How to run Remote Application
  4. How to Remote Application Configuration
  5. How to Remote Activation
  6. How to Remoting Channels
  7. How to Remoting Formatters

  C# XML Tutorial
  1. How to XML in C#
  2. How to create an XML file in C#
  3. How to open and read XML file in C# , XmlReader , XmlTextReader , XmlDocument
  1. How to create XML file from Dataset
  2. How to Open and read an XML file to Dataset
  3. How to create an XML file from SQL
  4. How to search in a XML file
  5. How to filter in a XML file
  6. How to insert data from XML to database
  7. How to create Excel file from XML
  8. How to create XML file from Excel
  9. How to XML to DataGridView
  10. How to create a TreeView from XML File
  11. How to create a Crystal Reports from XML File
  12. XML Serialization Tutorial
  13. XML Serialization
  14. XML DeSerialization

  C# DataGridView Tutorial
  1. C# DataGridView Binding - SQL Server dataset
  2. C# DataGridView Binding - OLEDB dataset
  3. C# DataGridView Sorting and Filtering
  1. C# DataGridView Add Columns and Rows
  2. C# DataGridView Hide Columns and Rows
  3. C# DataGridView Read Only Columns and Rows
  4. Add Button to C# DataGridView
  5. Add CheckBox to C# DataGridView
  6. Add ComboBox to C# DataGridView
  7. Add Image to C# DataGridView
  8. Add ViewLink to C# DataGridView
  9. C# DataGridView Paging
  10. C# DataGridView Formatting
  11. C# DataGridView Template
  12. C# DataGridView Printing
  13. C# DataGridView Export to Excel
  14. C# DataGridView Loading data from Excel
  15. C# DataGridView Database Operations
  16. Delete row from datagridview by right click
  17. DataGridView Autocomplete TextBox in C#

  C# Advanced Topics
  1. What is LINQ | Tutorial
  2. C# unit test tutorial
  3. Design Patterns In C# and .NET
  1. Dependency Injection in C#
  2. Inversion of Control in C#
  3. Singleton Design Pattern in C#
  4. Extension Method in C#
  5. C# Encapsulation
  6. AES Encryption In C#
  7. Entity Framework using C#
  8. SharePoint Client Object Modal | C#

  C# Advanced Programming
  1. Asynchronous programming in C#
  2. Singleton Class in C#
  3. Using The CQRS Pattern In C#
  1. 3-Tier Architecture in C#
  2. Regular Expression in C#
  3. Lambda Expressions in C#
  4. Binary Search using C#
  5. Abstract Class In C#
  6. Constructors and Its Types in C#
  7. How to serialize and deserialize JSON in C#
  8. Global using Directive in C# 10
  9. Recursion in C#
  10. C# String Concatenation